Search found 106 matches

by maxim_tuner
15 Oct 2023, 14:23
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Why stuck the key of the upright piano? How fix it DIY.
Replies: 0
Views: 2809

Why stuck the key of the upright piano? How fix it DIY.

On this video, we clearly see that one of the keys is sticking. What is the reason? If you look closely here, you can see that there is a very small gap between this key and its neighboring key located to the right of it compared to the gaps between the other keys. Therefore, when we press this sti...
by maxim_tuner
11 Oct 2023, 15:24
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Why Doesn't an Upright Piano's Hammer Strike Strings? 'An Jack of a Wippen' (F2) isn't functioning.
Replies: 0
Views: 2765

Why Doesn't an Upright Piano's Hammer Strike Strings? 'An Jack of a Wippen' (F2) isn't functioning.

On the video, it is very clear that 'the jack of the wippen' the upright piano (F2) is not functioning. 'The wippen' itself is clearly offset to 'the jack' right. Its 'the jack' has detached from the wippen there. Why can we assume this? The reason is that when the (E2) hammer strikes the strings a...
by maxim_tuner
11 Oct 2023, 05:12
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: A position of a tuning pins piano unacceptable there
Replies: 0
Views: 2780

A position of a tuning pins piano unacceptable there

A position of a tuning pins upright piano Soviet-era 'Komitas' relative to each other unacceptable there. In this video, we can clearly see that the holes in the iron plate 'the metal frame' for the piano pins are misaligned with each other. This position of the tuning pins relative to each other u...
by maxim_tuner
09 Oct 2023, 08:41
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: When the key (F#3) on a grand piano is pressed a sound produced clearly a chord instead of a unison.
Replies: 0
Views: 2824

When the key (F#3) on a grand piano is pressed a sound produced clearly a chord instead of a unison.

In this video, we can observe that when the key (F#3) on the grand piano is pressed, the sound produced clearly resembles a chord, rather than the intended unison according to the technical specifications. What is the cause and why does this happen there? By the way, when the key is pressed more fo...
by maxim_tuner
05 Oct 2023, 11:55
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: No fully mutes of the Sound ' The Single Bass Dampers' after A Piano hammer strike. How fix it DIY.
Replies: 0
Views: 2835

No fully mutes of the Sound ' The Single Bass Dampers' after A Piano hammer strike. How fix it DIY.

In the video, we can clearly see that ('The Damper Block') 'the Upright Piano Damper Wedge Felt Strips for Single Bass Dampers' are not evenly positioned in relation to each other. After the hammer strike, 'the damper block' withdraws from the single string, but when the hammer returns to 'the hamm...
by maxim_tuner
01 Oct 2023, 06:27
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: 'Geyer' Upright Piano Key Restoration After Water Damage: Max's Step-by-Step Guide.
Replies: 0
Views: 2742

'Geyer' Upright Piano Key Restoration After Water Damage: Max's Step-by-Step Guide.

In the video by Max, he demonstrates the process of repairing the upright piano key that has become 'sluggish' due to water damage. This issue arose because the piano was exposed to water when the upstairs neighbors had a flood, and Max arrived three weeks later to address the problem. Here's a det...
by maxim_tuner
25 Sep 2023, 18:43
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Why nobody uses frozen tuning pin for the hammering way there?
Replies: 0
Views: 2917

Why nobody uses frozen tuning pin for the hammering way there?

When there is a 1mm difference between the size of a tuning pin and the hole in the pinblock, the process of installing the pin can become more difficult. In such cases, applying significant pressure can cause deformations to both the pin and the pinblock. Freezing the tuning pins prior to installa...
by maxim_tuner
23 Sep 2023, 08:49
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Why Doesn't the Upright Piano Hammer (G4) Strike the Strings? How to Fix It Your
Replies: 0
Views: 2795

Why Doesn't the Upright Piano Hammer (G4) Strike the Strings? How to Fix It Your

In this video, it appears that the upright piano's "jack of the wippen" is not striking the "hammer butt" fast enough, and its "back check" is catching the "hammer butt." This issue requires an adjustment to increase the "letoff" distance. How to Fi...
by maxim_tuner
19 Sep 2023, 09:23
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Very tight hammer of an upright piano slowly come back to ' the hammer rail'. How yourself fix it.
Replies: 0
Views: 2804

Very tight hammer of an upright piano slowly come back to ' the hammer rail'. How yourself fix it.

Sometimes we can observe that after the hammer of the upright piano strikes the string, it returns very slowly to a static position to the hammer rail there. Why is this happening? Most often this is due to very tight fitting 'the butt hole of hammer' to 'the hammer butt flange'. Perhaps this pin i...
by maxim_tuner
17 Sep 2023, 11:00
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Very tight hammer of an upright piano. How yourself fix it.
Replies: 0
Views: 2736

Very tight hammer of an upright piano. How yourself fix it.

In this video we see that the hammer don't back fast after it's stricking to strings there. May been 'the hammer flange' was set very tighten there. 1To begin need unscrewed the hammer's screw 'the hammer flange screw' using a screwdriver to remove the hammer from the action of the upright piano. 2...
by maxim_tuner
16 Sep 2023, 08:39
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Upright piano 'hammer head felt' stuck to the neighboring hammer after striking a bass string.
Replies: 0
Views: 2754

Upright piano 'hammer head felt' stuck to the neighboring hammer after striking a bass string.

Often, after a long period of inactivity, piano hammers begin to sag. This can cause discomfort while playing, as neighboring keys may require different force to press. Since the top wood panel of an upright piano 'Upper Front board' does not allow us to see what's happening inside, let's examine t...
by maxim_tuner
14 Sep 2023, 11:11
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: How to fix the bass sound muting issue in an upright piano (DIY).
Replies: 0
Views: 2740

How to fix the bass sound muting issue in an upright piano (DIY).

You can certainly fix this issue yourself. Here are the steps you need to follow: Check the 'Damper Adjusting Screw' on the 'Damper Block', as it may have loosened. Make sure the 'Damper Block' is in its standard position on the 'Damper Wire'. The 'Damper Block' should be aligned with the other 'Da...
by maxim_tuner
14 Sep 2023, 05:22
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: How to eliminate grooves on the upright piano hammer felt head DIY?
Replies: 0
Views: 2833

How to eliminate grooves on the upright piano hammer felt head DIY?

Max demonstrates how to do this, although the final result of the repair is not fully shown in this video, sorry. The end result of this operation is the complete elimination of grooves on the felt part (head) of the upright piano hammer, as well as an improvement in sound quality. Max uses various...
by maxim_tuner
13 Sep 2023, 05:57
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Fixing Loose Hammer Heads on Upright Piano DIY.
Replies: 0
Views: 2832

Fixing Loose Hammer Heads on Upright Piano DIY.

'A loose hammer head will make a slight clicking sound at the moment it hits the strings. Test for this by gently trying to move it up and down. A loose hammer head can be removed and re glued inexpensively. "The piano book" Larry Fine (page 138)' https://youtu.be/aVZQi-9ak7E?si=cHFsLmdwpT...
by maxim_tuner
09 Sep 2023, 11:45
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Why is a grand piano key (E3) sticking? How to fix it DIY.
Replies: 0
Views: 2908

Why is a grand piano key (E3) sticking? How to fix it DIY.

https://youtu.be/8U3rHcz9Nos?si=Hdk15FAeYLePgjI_ Max determined (he see it between strings there) that a sticking key in grand piano is caused by (E3) hammer (' the Hammer Head') partially resting on a neighboring hammer(' the Hammer Head') , preventing it from returning to its rest position on 'the...
by maxim_tuner
05 Sep 2023, 13:54
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Fixing the bobbling hammer in an upright piano can be a DIY task if you are patient and careful.
Replies: 0
Views: 2810

Fixing the bobbling hammer in an upright piano can be a DIY task if you are patient and careful.

https://youtu.be/0EXRI4ZwkqU?si=3PYtKykpyXqwD0Dh Fixing the bobbling hammer in an upright piano can be a DIY task if you are patient and careful. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you fix the issue: 1 Align the keyboard: Ensure that every key (white and black) has a standard height. Sometimes key...
by maxim_tuner
01 Sep 2023, 03:16
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Bobbling hammer in an Upright Piano. Fix it’s yourself.
Replies: 0
Views: 3003

Bobbling hammer in an Upright Piano. Fix it’s yourself.

https://youtu.be/sV-j_doRibM 1 remove the lost motion by raising the capstan. 2 increase key dip by raising hammer height by shimming the balance rail. 3 You might be able to help it by bending the 'backchecks' closer. Bending the rod with the green felt just slightly forward even with your finger ...
by maxim_tuner
07 Jul 2023, 10:30
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Have you ever had a broken bass string on your upright piano? Is it possible to reinstall it?
Replies: 2
Views: 1039

Re: Have you ever had a broken bass string on your upright piano? Is it possible to reinstall it?

That is a bad idea. You run the risk of breaking the hitch pin as you have doubled up on. You are adding twice the tention it was designed for. You can splice a string or just replace it. Barrie Let me disagree with you and here's why, Where I live and have my practices, there are basicly very poor...
by maxim_tuner
04 Jul 2023, 15:54
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Have you ever had a broken bass string on your upright piano? Is it possible to reinstall it?
Replies: 2
Views: 1039

Have you ever had a broken bass string on your upright piano? Is it possible to reinstall it?

https://youtu.be/YXn2IaxgcnQ In this upright piano "Elegy", the bass string broke off (C) the second octave. The break happened on the top (becket) string pin. You could make a loop in the break area and place the string, but then the winding of the string would go beyond and lie on the ba...
by maxim_tuner
02 Jul 2023, 07:10
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: To save our 'PETROF', (broken strings of upright piano)
Replies: 0
Views: 2592

To save our 'PETROF', (broken strings of upright piano)

Max, a piano tuner, was called in an emergency to one of the educational in the city of Uralsk, where 'PETROF' piano's strings were episodically broken in the treble range. Such strings were not available here. Ordering them was also not possible at the time. However, Max had 'donor' treble strings ...
by maxim_tuner
27 Jun 2023, 14:02
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Konstantin's technique how setting electrical insulating cardboard shim for loose tuning pin
Replies: 0
Views: 2615

Konstantin's technique how setting electrical insulating cardboard shim for loose tuning pin

/ @shevedr https://www.youtube.com/@Shevedr Konstantin say: "I bought a digital torque wrench and started experimenting. I found a few pins in the bass section where the resistance was about 5 pounds per inch on the right and almost zero on the left. I inserted an electrical insulating cardboar...
by maxim_tuner
27 Jun 2023, 04:19
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: 20 years ago "What is Piano Tuning Pin Tightener?"
Replies: 2
Views: 996

Re: 20 years ago "What is Piano Tuning Pin Tightener?"

Dear Barry Hilton, I am writing to express agreement and support for your views on the issue of shimming techniques ( with packing the pins) in piano tuning. As you rightly pointed out, these methods are not always feasible or effective and may even be costly, given the variety in piano models and ...
by maxim_tuner
25 Jun 2023, 16:08
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: 20 years ago "What is Piano Tuning Pin Tightener?"
Replies: 2
Views: 996

20 years ago "What is Piano Tuning Pin Tightener?"

What is Piano Tuning Pin Tightener? Post by FAQ's » Wed Jun 09, 2004 7:50 pm This is a procedure that is deemed as very controversial by many piano tuners. What happens is a piano's pin block the piece of wood into which the tuning pins are driven that the tuner adjusts, becomes so loose that a pia...
by maxim_tuner
23 Jun 2023, 12:37
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Comparison of 2 essentially similar techniques for restoring a hole in a pin block of a piano
Replies: 0
Views: 2542

Comparison of 2 essentially similar techniques for restoring a hole in a pin block of a piano

The main advantage of Jim's method of shimming is the use of a thin sheet of veneer https://youtu.be/yR_cviIUfZM, which allows for minimal material removal from the pinblock hole. This can be especially useful when the hole is already worn or enlarged. The veneer can be precisely cut to fit the exac...
by maxim_tuner
21 Jun 2023, 15:45
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Is string design of the zither and the modern (upright and grand) piano have that in common?
Replies: 1
Views: 713

Re: Is string design of the zither and the modern (upright and grand) piano have that in common?

Max have his "talking with AI" Bien sûr, je vais essayer d'expliquer en français simplifié notre discussion sur le choix de matériau de calage pour la régulation d'un piano ou d'une cithare. Au départ, un maître français de la lutherie a partagé une vidéo où il utilise du papier abrasif de...
by maxim_tuner
21 Jun 2023, 04:53
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Is string design of the zither and the modern (upright and grand) piano have that in common?
Replies: 1
Views: 713

Is string design of the zither and the modern (upright and grand) piano have that in common?

Is string design of the zither and the modern (upright and grand) piano have that in common? I think that string design of the zither and the modern (upright and grand) piano have a lot in common, namely the design of the string holding is, with some convention, identical here. Yes, of course, the ...
by maxim_tuner
12 Jun 2023, 14:02
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: POSITION OF A HAMMER HANDLE WHEN TUNING UPRIGHT PIANO (9-12)
Replies: 0
Views: 2589

POSITION OF A HAMMER HANDLE WHEN TUNING UPRIGHT PIANO (9-12)

POSITION OF A HAMMER HANDLE WHEN TUNING UPRIGHT PIANO (9-12) Traditionally, the handle of the hammer is located to the right of (from 13 o'clock to 15 o'clock). This placement is due to the fact that most piano tuners are right-handed and find it convenient to work in this position. However, is this...
by maxim_tuner
11 Jun 2023, 06:18
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: REPAIR AND RESTORATION WORK on UPRIGHT PIANO. GLUING A BLACK KEY. HOW FIX it's YOURSELF.
Replies: 0
Views: 2553

REPAIR AND RESTORATION WORK on UPRIGHT PIANO. GLUING A BLACK KEY. HOW FIX it's YOURSELF.

https://youtu.be/YXm-1NkyrOE Minor problems in upright piano can occur during use. If you do not have significant experience in restoration, I would not recommend attempting to repair such issues by yourself, especially regarding an action of a piano. However, anyone can glue a black key that has co...
by maxim_tuner
10 Jun 2023, 11:00
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: STICKING KEY OF UPRIGHT PIANO. HOW FIX IT YOURSELF.
Replies: 0
Views: 2548

STICKING KEY OF UPRIGHT PIANO. HOW FIX IT YOURSELF.

https://youtu.be/yd-FOV_rdu4 If you have a piano and one of the keys is sticking, it could be due to the regulating screw located in the key. The screw has a flat, threaded end that goes into the key when you press it. If the screw is set improperly, it can cause the key to stick as it gets wedged i...
by maxim_tuner
09 Jun 2023, 11:24
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: How to Fix a Lost UPRIGHT Piano Hammer YOURSELF
Replies: 0
Views: 2570

How to Fix a Lost UPRIGHT Piano Hammer YOURSELF

https://youtu.be/Au5Fesykb9I Over time, the hammers of an upright piano may become loose, leading to an unsatisfactory playing experience for the pianist. There can be several reasons for this, but one main cause is when a hammer becomes loose. To fix this, you will need to use a screwdriver to tigh...
by maxim_tuner
30 May 2023, 10:09
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: If only Max had been given the opportunity to speak at the annual meeting of piano technicians
Replies: 0
Views: 2763

If only Max had been given the opportunity to speak at the annual meeting of piano technicians

If only Max had been given the opportunity to speak at the annual meeting of piano technicians in Victorian England in the late 19th century. His speech went something like this: Dear esteemed gentlemen and ladies, May I humbly request your indulgence as I expound upon the revolutionary notion put f...
by maxim_tuner
28 May 2023, 05:35
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: "Max's cardboard shim" technique method for loose tuning pin
Replies: 0
Views: 2600

"Max's cardboard shim" technique method for loose tuning pin

The primary purpose of a cardboard shim for a loose tuning pin is to enhance the grip between the pin and the wooden components of the piano, namely the bush and pinblock. With the installation of a cardboard shim between the pin and these components, there is an increase in surface friction which s...
by maxim_tuner
27 May 2023, 07:40
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Grand piano tuning(15-18),"sticking the handle of the hammer into your own belly"
Replies: 0
Views: 1795

Grand piano tuning(15-18),"sticking the handle of the hammer into your own belly"

Grand piano tuning(15-18),"sticking the handle of the hammer into your own belly" https://youtu.be/Oz24XX5xOIo Today Maggie answered me her understanding "the behavior of the pins during rotation", giving the example of the Levitan lever there. I must comment on this there. And,...
by maxim_tuner
21 Feb 2021, 04:38
Forum: Piano History
Topic: Squeaky keys
Replies: 1
Views: 1943

Squeaky keys

One American from Idaho, USA wrote the following post on the Piano Technician Forum. He found mine video, where I explained that on the piano very often, if it is standing in an unheated room, it can begin to emit squeaks from under the keys. This is due to the fact that the cloth bush of shrinks an...
by maxim_tuner
11 Feb 2021, 19:02
Forum: Piano History
Topic: German upright piano "RIESE", Gustav Slawik, Halle-Saale
Replies: 4
Views: 3247

Re: German upright piano "RIESE", Gustav Slawik, Halle-Saale

https://www.klavierehamburg.com/riese/ here upright by the link here is very similar in construction, especially inside EVERYTHING parts is identical as our, even the angel medal with a trumpet in iron plate there.
by maxim_tuner
11 Feb 2021, 18:53
Forum: Piano History
Topic: German upright piano "RIESE", Gustav Slawik, Halle-Saale
Replies: 4
Views: 3247

Re: German upright piano "RIESE", Gustav Slawik, Halle-Saale

At the moment, I have no information at all about Riese, but I will see what I can find. On the action, where it says "Berlin" can you see the action makers' name? Is Gustav Slawik a retailer? good night, Bill Kibby no. I see ink printed " Berlin, 50 29" only "RIESE" p...
by maxim_tuner
11 Feb 2021, 10:54
Forum: Piano History
Topic: German upright piano "RIESE", Gustav Slawik, Halle-Saale
Replies: 4
Views: 3247

German upright piano "RIESE", Gustav Slawik, Halle-Saale

German piano Max has been tuning for over 10 years there. The hostess loves this piano and always a lot play it's. EVERYTHING about this piano is original (keys, an action, string and pins). It was taken out of Germany after World War II as a trophy by an Air Force captain of Red Army. Since the 50s...
by maxim_tuner
10 Jun 2019, 13:47
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Max used cardboard shim to save an upright piano now
Replies: 1
Views: 7770

Re: Max used cardboard shim to save an upright piano now

One canada man, tuner used in his page blog it's information a cardboard shim about: 5. Also the loose pin(s) can be taken out and the hole lined with a 50mm cardboard and the tuning pin then screwed in with the cardboard acting as a gap filler hence causing resistance. https://www.pianotuningfreder...
by maxim_tuner
21 Apr 2019, 14:29
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Max used cardboard shim to save an upright piano now
Replies: 1
Views: 7770

Max used cardboard shim to save an upright piano now

https://youtu.be/cWPr3IqTTcM Old piano "BELARUS" Max was invited to consult a piano about. The fact is that this piano was bought by the mistress's mom. It is expensive as a memory but materialyty without. A lady owner of the piano, a successful business lady studied in her childhood prec...
by maxim_tuner
30 Jan 2019, 15:59
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Are you hearing change of a sound it's upright piano now?
Replies: 4
Views: 10189

Re: Are you hearing change of a sound it's upright piano now?

tocnaza wrote: 09 Jan 2019, 18:35 Great video! Thanks for sharing us!
thanks,
by maxim_tuner
23 Jun 2018, 04:42
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: "Max's cardboard fix"
Replies: 11
Views: 16405

Re: "Max's cardboard fix"

Barrie Heaton wrote: 13 May 2018, 16:33 Why not hammer the pin in. instead of turning the pin in a hard way.

It's nothing new just a different material I use veneer

Barrie
but Ilya using cardboard shim. He setted several that shim on his old upright piano "KUZBASS"
https://youtu.be/LjN3XaXp1S4
by maxim_tuner
29 Nov 2011, 16:30
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Thank You, pianolive from Piano Tuner-Technicians Forum
Replies: 2
Views: 5481

Re: Thank You, pianolive from Piano Tuner-Technicians Forum

Are you having success with your new tools? This is just a fairy tale. I quickly learned to use the new L-hammer. The great advantage of L-hammer between T-bar is the ability to gently and without shock to find the correct torque. In the bass range I have been working with his left hand. I hope tha...
by maxim_tuner
29 Nov 2011, 09:18
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Thank You, pianolive from Piano Tuner-Technicians Forum
Replies: 2
Views: 5481

Thank You, pianolive from Piano Tuner-Technicians Forum

Originally Posted By: pianolive Made a parcel today for Max with a extension lever, tips, mutes and a few other things. Will find the fastest and most secure way tomorrow to get it shipped to him. Thank You, pianolive! In recent years fewer and fewer places in our world for the Christian benefactors...
by maxim_tuner
23 Nov 2011, 07:02
Forum: Piano Showcase
Topic: Endless Kazakh’s steppe
Replies: 0
Views: 5097

Endless Kazakh’s steppe

Masha is pianist. She plays Kazakh composer. Spring endless Kazakh steppe. Fragrance of the vast steppes. Wild horses are fresh morning sun streams in their manes. And you feel it?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-6R9AtAB7U
by maxim_tuner
01 Nov 2011, 07:44
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Handmade maxim_tuner's T-bar
Replies: 0
Views: 4468

Handmade maxim_tuner's T-bar

I use when tuning of piano with plectrum . Such way allows to search for the sounds of the necessary height without shim and laying of the tape. I listen harmonics and intervals. Edited by Moderator We are sorry but we cannot allow you to use this forum to promote a tool and techniques that will dam...
by maxim_tuner
30 Oct 2011, 17:00
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Shim the loose tuning piano's pin with cardbord
Replies: 10
Views: 21041

Re: Shim the loose tuning piano's pin with cardbord

tuning levers - now use a socket set sets of O/S wrestpins - now use cardboard centre pins - now use oil papps and rubber wedges - now use a plectrum I am glad that my video can cause positive emotions among residents Albion! Laughter, as is well known prolong our lives. However, I believe is prema...
by maxim_tuner
30 Oct 2011, 12:56
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Shim the loose tuning piano's pin with cardbord
Replies: 10
Views: 21041

Shim the loose tuning piano's pin with cardbord

When friction between pin and wood hole is no longer enough to provide the necessary tension of the strings on the classical technology seeks to restore pin’s wood hole or hammers pin of larger diameter, or a conclusion about the impossibility of restoring the piano Thus, the pin can be, with some a...
by maxim_tuner
27 Oct 2011, 08:51
Forum: Idle Chitchat
Topic: Encourage or not ?
Replies: 55
Views: 335173

Re: Encourage or not ?

Seen the key-cleaning one? How can you make a video lasting six and a quarter minutes out of 'Clean greasy keys with vodka on a bit of rag'?? This one caught my eye, but I'm still trying to fathom out whether he means 'naked' or 'knackered' piano. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kr9g0zH79LY&feat...
by maxim_tuner
27 Oct 2011, 08:43
Forum: Piano Advice
Topic: Can a piano be untunable?
Replies: 5
Views: 11117

Re: Can a piano be untunable?

I run a small community music night and we have managed to get our hands on a piano. I have transported it to the venue, and all seems to be well, but... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gSfI4UxbYrU I may be wrong, but your piano don't need tuning. It's need fundamental and costly repair work. May be...